Bislig – Historical Background

 

Bislig, in the annals of Philippine historical heritage is rich in her recorded past dating back since the dawn of civilization in this part of Mindanao. It has had its rich, turbulent and bloody, but dynamic transition that had eventually led to its present social, economic, physical and political structure.

 

The legendary allusions as to how Bislig got its name dates back to the era prior to the coming of the Spanish conquistadors. The town got its name from a forest vine of the rattan family that grew in abundance along the banks of its rivers. This vine was noted for its strength and became known for saving a royal couple who crossed the swollen river in one of their hunting expeditions and who almost died as they were carried downstream by the rushing current. The legend has it that these hunters had already lost hope of surviving until they were able to cling to a vine which was about ¼” in diameter called “Bislig”. As a sign of thanksgiving, the ruler named this place Bislig.

 

The first inhabitants of Bislig were believed to have come from the Agusan valley in the hinterlands of Mindanao beyond the Magdiwata mountains. These people used spears, bows and arrows and lived a semi-nomadic life and were called “Manobos”.

 

They were ruled during the later part of the seventeenth century by a native leader called “Bagani”, meaning a formidable leader. They were very brave, tough and war-like. They also introduced edible crops such as rice, corn and rootcrops to the area.

 

At the turn of the century, Spanish colonizers and missionaries imposed the rule of Spain and brought with them Tagalogs, Ilongos and Visayans from the north as members of their expeditionary forces.

 

Long before it came a town on January 1, 1921 per Executive Order No. 62 issued by Governor General Francis Burton Harrison on December 28, 1920 with Primitivo Castillo as its first Municipal President, Bislig was already an established political instrumentality or “Pueblo” in the province of Surigao (now Surigao del sur and Surigao del norte). Earlier, the province was a part of an even bigger territory stretching from northeastern Mindanao down to the island’s southeastern pueblo of Caraga and Man-ay in Davao Oriental. Caraga was originally the seat of of political, military and religious authority. But as the territory extended westward to the Agusan valley at Veruela and Talacogon, Bislig became somewhat a new “Capital” for the rulers of the region. The “Casa Real” had to be built after years of forced labor. A church symbolizing religious authority was also built and the “Politico-Militar” was established. At the time, a dual government existed- that of the crown and that of the church.

 

The 1938 elections under the Commonwealth Act ended the title of the Municipal President accorded to a town executive when Mr. Domingo Moncayo became the first elected Municipal Mayor of Bislig. In 1948, the town’s population rose to 5,019. By 1960, after a span of 12 years, the population increased to 16, 409. This almost trebled in the 1970’s when the population size leaped to 68,345 in 1977. As of June 30, 1990, Bislig had a total population of 103, 510.

 

As an offshoot of the disturbingly rapid population growth, the once anemic socio-economic activity rose to a feverish height that involve the neighboring municipalities, provinces and cities. Bislig’s political activity later became heightened in the fifties and the sixties as a result of the vested interest of certain groups.

 

It was this political struggle that made Bislig rise from its P3,000 annual income in 1921 to a staggering P40.44 M in 1994. This socio-economic growth was brought about by the establishment of major industries in the locality, such as the Bislig Bay Lumber Company, Inc. (BBLCI) in October, 1950 and its sister company, the Paper Industries Corporation of the Philippines, Inc. (PICOP) less than 2 decades later. These 2 companies were merged in 1970 to become the largest papermill in Asia. This was renamed the Picop Resources, Inc. (PRI) in 1994. The PNOC Coal Mining Operations which began in 1981 and which is presently undertaken under contract agreements by the David M. Consunji, Inc. (DMCI) has added favorable economic activity to the locality. The presence of these giant industries in the municipality has definitely brought about rapid economic progress to the community and has introduced Bislig’s name in the industrial centers of the world.

 

 

Bislig – Tourism

 

Tourism industry in Bislig is one of the promising industries in the near future. There are about 11 existing tourist spots in the municipality. These tourist spots would help generate income to the municipality if properly tapped and developed. Among the identified tourist spots are :

 

Tinuy-an, Sian and Mendezona Falls

Libuac Spring

Hagonoy Islands

Lawigan Beach

Suhoton Underground River and Gaguyao River

Please see LINKS Page and access Joey Climaco's website in order to see scenic spots in the Surigao area.

Municipal Presidents/ Mayors of Bislig (1921-1995)

Through Election, Appointment or Succession

 

1921-1922           By Appointment                                             Primitivo A. Castillo

1922-1924           By Election                                                     Sulpicio Laurente

1925-1927           By Election                                                     Ciriaco Alba

1928-1930           By Election                                                     Bartolome Alvar

1931-1933           By Election                                                     Rodrigo Francisco

1934-1936           By Election                                                     Beda B. Castillo

1937-1939           By Election                                                     Domingo Moncayo

1940-1946             By Election                                                    Simon Montero

1946-1957             Term extended due to WW11

                               By succession (Mayor Montero

                               Died on June, 1946)                                      Felix Feliscuso

1948-1952              By Election                                                   Herculano S. Basanez

1952-1955              By Election                                                   Recaredo B. Castillo

1956-1958              By Election                                                   Recaredo B. Castillo

1959-                      By Succession (Mayor Castillo

                                resigned to run for Vice-Governor

                                of Surigao)                                                    Aniomado Masancay

1960-1963              By Election                                                    Herculano S. Basanez

1964-1967              By Election                                                    Aniomado Masancay

1968-1971              By Election                                                    Aniomado Masancay

1972-1978              By Election (Term extended due

                                to Martial Law)                                             Alfredo B. Cosico

1978-1979               By Appointment                                           Recaredo B. Castillo

1980-1984               By Election (6 year term shortened

                                 by death)                                                       Recaredo B. Castillo

1984-1986                By Succession                                             Ernesto T. Estrella

1986-1987                By Appointement as OIC-Mayor              Purificacion D. Lim

1987-1988                By Appointment as Caretaker                   Jimmy C. Ondona

1988-1992                By Election                                                   Paterno A. Guasa

1992-                        By Appointment as OIC-Mayor                Sotico R. Picasales

1992-1995                By Election                                                   Wilfredo G. Alvizo

1995-1998                By Election                                                   Paterno A. Guasa

1998-Present           By Election                                                  Florencio C. Garay


Contributed by Lucio Polina

BBLCI/Picop/ Picop Resources Resident Managers

Rene Olbes                    1952 - 1961
Guillermo V. Misa           1961 - 1970
William S. Godinez         1970 - 1973
Glenn Kerr                     1973 -
Gabby Formoso           
Rogelio Salazar              1980 - 1988
Ric Santiago
Willie Fuentes                1995 - Present

 

 

RECAREDO B.CASTILLO

THE MOST ILLUSTRIOUS SON OF BISLIG

 

Recaredo was born on February 2, 1912 in Bislig and is the tenth of twelve children born to Primitivo and Felomina Castillo.  He had his early education in Bislig and finished both his primary and intermediate schooling up to grade seven in Hinatuan.  On his own, he went to Bunawan and enrolled at the Bunawan Agricultural High School in Agusan where he studied for three years.

 

He engaged in farming, fishing and trading in the coastal towns of eastern Mindanao.  He was already a successful businessman when appointed municipal councilor in 1947 - - a post he reluctantly accepted since he never wanted to be in politics.

 

As a private citizen, Erat had already made many great contributions to the community and province.  He gave the government lands for schoolsites, roads, puericulture centers and lands for other public buildings.  He also donated 30 hectares to Bislig Bay Lumber Company to encourage its owner to establish the mills in Bislig than elsewhere like Lingig which was considered an ideal site for the firm.  Also he offered to organize the natives to help without pay in the initial stages of installing its machineries.  In return, he asked company officials to give natives employment priority.

 

He succeeded.  The company was set up in Mangagoy, the natives were given priority for employment, the community grew rapidly, government revenues increased, and economic activity perked up and expanded.  He earned too the respect and admiration of Don Andres Soriano, Sr.

 

In 1951, he was forced by older brother Beda to run for mayor.  The Nacionalista convention drafted him in absentia and Erat was to continue a career in politics that spanned 37 years.  He gave up management of all his business concern to wife Flomencia when he became mayor, 1952 to 1955.  He was the first mayor to be reelected.  His eight years in office - - until 1959 - - were years of  peace and public order despite the employment of very few policemen whom he even equipped with arms.  But even before he became mayor, Erat already helped maintain public order.  Many times he went alone to hunt bands of robbers and would arrest them single-handedly.  Also when constables gave up search for the killer of Lingig’s police chief, it was him who arrested the criminal who fled towards Davao.

 

He remodelled the municipal hall; began construction of the Mangagoy-Bislig road; built a puericulture center, constructed a public library; set up many barrio schools; improved existing streets and built new ones in the poblacion, Mangagoy, and Lawigan; and introduced many other improvements like the municipal kiosk, basketball and tennis courts, the Magsaysay monument, a mini children’s playground, better office equipments, hiring of full time medical staff, health and sanitation drives, more medicines, secured food allocations for school children, and others.  Many times, Erat would spend his own to finance government projects and shoulder official transportation expenses.

 

As mayor he never allowed Chinese nationals to engage in business in Mangagoy.  The Chinese Chamber of Commerce in Manila protested to President Ramon Magsaysay who called him to Malacanang.  Erat told the President he had to protect small Filipino merchants.  Magsaysay supported him.  His policy inspired Vice President Carlos Garcia that later, as President, he enunciated the “Filipino First Policy”.

 

During this time Erat founded the Andres Soriano Institute to provide decent education to the growing number of secondary school students in the community.

 

In 1958, he almost  ran for governor of Surigao against  partymate and incumbent Governor Constantino Navarro who pleaded  with him instead to run for vice governor.  It was President Garcia who convinced Erat on the promise that in two years the province will be divided in two and he will be appointed governor of Surigao del Sur.  So he ran for vice governor garnering even more votes than Navarro.

 

In 1960, Garcia appointed him governor of the new province.  He won a new mandate in the first provincial election in 1961.  He served until 1963 when he was elected by an overwhelming majority of 14,000 votes.  It was as if the people had vindicated themselves.  In 1971, he lost again in another fraudulent election among the only incumbents who were always cheated.

 

His arch political rival, Congressman Vicente Pimentel who called him “Emperor of Bislig”, commented once that they team up in politics.  The distinguished legislator added they will make a formidable duo.  But Erat refused because as he said “ it won’t be fun and exciting anymore.”

 

By 1974, he was elected to the Sangguniang Bayan of Bislig until 1977 when President Marcos appointed him mayor again.  In 1980 he was elected for another six years.  During his incumbency he caused the surrender of many anti-government elements by going into their very own bastions.  He was called to Malacanang to present rebel returnees to President Marcos.  In another instance he went after another group of insurgents and recovered firearms stolen from the local constabulary barracks.  The rebels also surrendered to him. He served until his death on April 8, 1984.  At the time he was campaigning for a seat in the National Assembly.  With his death his dreams to create Bislig a city upon election to the national legislature died with him.

 

In between his occupancy of government posts the number of people who came to him for help never diminished. He always accommodated them.

 

Erat was an exemplary public servant and recipient of many public service including the coveted Most Outstanding Mayor of the Philippines or among the Ten Most Outstanding Mayors every year by many organizations throughout the country.  These organizations, including the Mayors League of the Philippines and the Provincial Governors and City  

 

Mayors League of the Philippines, recognized him for exemplary performance, his integrity both as a private citizen and as a government official, loyalty, for his countryside development effort, leadership, sincerity in solving common people’s problems, selfless dedication to social and economic uplift of the masses, dedication to highest standards of public service, his efforts towards the ideal of good government, for his immeasurable contributions and meritorious accomplishments, and for his unwavering devotion to duty.

 

He was assertive in any forum, Assemblyman Puyat recalls that at times President Marcos would come to his seat to beg him from filibustering some of the administration’s policies.  When Marcos won the presidency in 1965, Erat was offered a choice of two cabinet posts either as Secretary of Agriculture and Natural Resources or as Secretary of General Services in recognition of his leadership and support for the President in that year’s presidential election.  Marcos lost in Mindanao except in Surigao del Sur and in Davao.  He refused the offer though which were subsequently given to Vice President Fernando Lopez and Governor Vicente Duterte of Davao.

 

Among his many colleagues and friends still active today in politics were Governors Felicisimo San Luis of Laguna, Ignacio Santiago of Bulacan, Salvador Socrates of Palawan, and Governor Anacleto Alcala of Quezon who was his co-delegate to the International Assessors Conference in St. Louis, Missouri and who was with him in Europe, Jerusalem, Bangkok and Tokyo.

 

Hesitant at first to enter politics, Erat realized later that his character was exactly cut out for it.